Exploring the Legacy of Robert Moses: Urban Planning and Controversy

Who is the "Great Expediter" known for the quote, "If the ends don't justify the means, then what the hell does"?

• A. Daniel Burnham
• B. Mike Waiczis
• C. Robert Moses
• D. Adolph Hitler

Answer: (C)

The "Great Expediter," a title often associated with Robert Moses, refers to his significant influence and dynamic approach to urban planning and development in New York City during the mid-20th century. Moses was known for pushing through large-scale infrastructure projects, such as bridges, parks, and highways, often with minimal public consultation and in the face of local opposition. His quote, "If the ends don't justify the means, then what the hell does," reflects his pragmatic and sometimes controversial philosophy that prioritized the completion of ambitious projects over the processes typically favored in public planning. This viewpoint encapsulates his belief that achieving large-scale urban improvements often required sidestepping traditional bureaucracy and engaging in what some viewed as authoritarian tactics. This context helps clarify why Robert Moses is recognized as a pivotal figure in urban development, often embodying a mindset that sparked both admiration for his accomplishments and criticism for his approach.

When you think about the development of New York City, who comes to mind? A lot of folks might say Daniel Burnham or even Adolph Hitler for his notorious urban plans in Berlin, but if you’re looking to spice things up, let’s talk about Robert Moses, the man often dubbed the "Great Expediter." Now, that title is no joke—it reflects a significant influence on urban planning and a rather dynamic approach that left both footprints and controversies across the city. You know what? Grab a coffee, get comfy, and let’s unpack this a little.

Robert Moses truly was something else. Some people loved him, and some people… well, let’s just say they didn’t. He has a powerful quote you might have heard: “If the ends don't justify the means, then what the hell does?” It’s bold, isn’t it? This dude didn’t shy away from expressing a pragmatic, even controversial philosophy in urban planning. For him, it wasn’t just about planning; it was about getting things done, sometimes at the expense of traditional methods.

Let’s break that down. Moses was the driving force behind a ton of massive infrastructure projects in the mid-20th century—think parks, bridges, highways. His hands were in just about everything that shaped the physical landscape of New York City. But here’s the kicker: Moses often pushed these through with minimal public consultation and, at times, against significant local opposition. Picture this: communities being displaced, residents voicing their concerns, and Moses turning a deaf ear (or so the critiques say). It’s a classic case of "my vision is more important than your concerns," right?

Now, don’t get me wrong. His contributions to urban infrastructure are undeniable. The Triborough Bridge? The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge? These are pivotal pieces of engineering, but they came at a cost. This leads us to ask: Can we separate the contributions of a man from his controversial methods? Isn’t urban development often a balancing act of ambitious dreams and real-world impacts?

In exploring his legacy, we hit on a larger theme of urban planning: the tension between efficiency and public good. Many viewed Moses as an authoritarian figure; he bulldozed past typical bureaucratic boundaries, prioritizing getting the job done over sticky red tape. His quotes and methods continue to spark debate, encouraging students, planners, and city dwellers alike to reflect on the often-contentious nature of urban development decisions.

For those preparing for the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) exam, understanding figures like Moses isn’t just academic trivia. It’s crucial to grasp the complex interplay of power, ethics, and public policy that shapes the very cities we live in. This case study exemplifies how planning isn’t just about laying out streets or green spaces but about real people—communities linked by shared experiences, hopes, and dreams.

In wrapping up, the urban planning world remains divided about Robert Moses. Admired for his vision and criticized for his authoritarian methods, he’s a figure who embodies the struggles inherent in city planning. So, the next time you pass under a bridge or stroll through a park, consider the stories behind their creation and the figures who shaped them—it's quite a ride, one filled with lessons for current and future planners alike.