American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Who is credited with the development of the "Concentric Zone" model of land use?

1. Ernest Burgess

2. Alfred Bettman

3. Harvey Molotch

4. Jane Jacobs

The correct answer is: Ernest Burgess

The development of the "Concentric Zone" model of land use is attributed to Ernest Burgess, a sociologist who introduced the concept in the early 20th century. This model outlines how urban areas develop in concentric circles radiating from a central point, typically the city center. The zones represent different types of land use, including the central business district, transitional areas, independent workingmen's homes, higher-income residences, and commuter zones. Burgess's model was significant in understanding urban growth patterns and social relationships within cities. It reflects the influence of socio-economic factors on spatial organization and is particularly valuable in historical analyses of urban development, especially during the period of industrialization. By showcasing the relationships between various land uses and socio-economic classes, the model has helped planners and geographers understand urban dynamics better. The other figures mentioned, such as Alfred Bettman, Harvey Molotch, and Jane Jacobs, contributed to urban studies and planning but are associated with different concepts or critiques of urban development. For instance, Jane Jacobs is known for her advocacy for community-led urban planning and her emphasis on the importance of mixed-use development, which contrasts with the more rigid zoning concepts identified in the concentric zone model.