American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Which term refers to putting a planning-related issue on the ballot to challenge an existing adopted plan?

1. Referendum

2. Initiative

3. Recall

4. Plebiscite

The correct answer is: Referendum

The correct term for putting a planning-related issue on the ballot to challenge an existing adopted plan is a referendum. A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal and can result in the adoption or rejection of specific policies or legislation. This process provides the public with an opportunity to express their opinion on a significant matter, often related to governance or policy changes, including planning issues. In the context of planning, a referendum allows citizens to vote whether to uphold or overturn decisions made by local governments regarding land-use plans, zoning changes, or other community development initiatives. This mechanism is essential for ensuring public participation in planning processes, allowing community members to influence decisions that directly affect their lives and environments. While initiatives also relate to ballot measures, they typically refer to proposals that citizens can place on the ballot to initiate new laws or changes, rather than challenging existing plans. The concept of a recall involves removing elected officials from office and is not directly related to planning issues. Plebiscites, similar to referendums, are also a form of direct voting but are often used in more general contexts, such as on issues of sovereignty or constitutional matters, rather than specific planning-related challenges.