American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Which state was the first to institute statewide zoning?

1. California

2. New York

3. Hawaii

4. Texas

The correct answer is: Hawaii

The correct answer reflects that Hawaii was the first state to institute statewide zoning laws. This significant legal framework was established in the 1960s in response to rapid urban development and the need for organized land use. The statewide zoning regulations implemented in Hawaii sought to manage growth effectively, preserve the environment, and promote sustainable development practices, setting a precedent for other states to follow. Understanding Hawaiian zoning in this historical context is crucial as it illustrates the effects of population growth and development pressures in a uniquely island environment. Other states observed Hawaii’s approach as they faced similar issues, marking a pivotal moment in land use planning across the United States. The other options, while each having played roles in the evolution of zoning laws, did not pioneer the statewide approach in the same manner as Hawaii. California, for instance, developed its own zoning regulations, but these were typically more localized rather than state-mandated. New York's zoning laws also began developing in the early 20th century but did not encompass a statewide framework until later adaptations were made. Texas has a separate history of land use planning, focused more on local control without a comprehensive statewide zoning mandate.