American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Which planning approach incorporates goal setting, identifying policy alternatives, and evaluating means against ends?

1. Incremental Planning

2. Synoptic Rationality

3. Participatory Planning

4. Adaptive Management

The correct answer is: Synoptic Rationality

The approach that incorporates goal setting, identifying policy alternatives, and evaluating means against ends is known as synoptic rationality. This planning method emphasizes a comprehensive and systematic process, allowing planners to define objectives clearly, explore a range of alternative strategies, and assess the effectiveness of each option in meeting the established goals. In synoptic rationality, planners follow a structured sequence of steps that typically include identifying the issues at hand, gathering relevant data, evaluating the consequences of potential actions, and making informed decisions based on a rational analysis of the options available. This methodological approach contrasts with less structured or more flexible planning styles, facilitating a thorough examination of how various policies align with predetermined goals. By utilizing this structured framework, planners are able to systematically model the potential impacts of their decisions, ultimately striving for the most effective and efficient outcomes. This ensures that the planning process is not only goal-oriented but also backed by empirical evidence and sound reasoning.