American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

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Which of the following factors is crucial in determining population projections?

  1. Housing availability

  2. Migration, birth rate, and death rate

  3. Local economic growth

  4. Educational attainment

The correct answer is: Migration, birth rate, and death rate

The determination of population projections heavily relies on several demographic factors that have a direct impact on the growth or decline of a population over time. Migration, birth rate, and death rate are fundamental components of demographic change. Migration refers to the movement of people into and out of an area, which can significantly alter the population size and demographic makeup. Positive net migration can lead to population increases, while negative net migration can result in population decreases. The birth rate is crucial as it indicates how many people are born within a population over a specific period, contributing to natural population growth. Conversely, the death rate reflects the number of deaths in a population, influencing overall population size. Together, these three factors—migration, birth rate, and death rate—form a comprehensive basis for predicting future population trends. While housing availability, local economic growth, and educational attainment are important elements that can influence demographic dynamics, they serve more as contextual factors rather than direct indicators for population projections. For example, housing availability may affect where people choose to live, but it does not directly change the underlying birth or death rates. Similarly, local economic growth can influence migration patterns but does not independently determine population size as effectively as the core demographic factors. Educational attainment may correlate with birth rates and