American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Which of the following describes a key characteristic of zoning power?

1. It is discretionary and not legally enforced.

2. It is used to promote agricultural development exclusively.

3. It is a governmental authority to regulate land use for public welfare.

4. It is voluntary and subject to community votes.

The correct answer is: It is a governmental authority to regulate land use for public welfare.

Zoning power is fundamentally characterized by its role as a governmental authority to regulate land use with the intent to safeguard and promote public welfare. This includes managing the organization of different land uses—residential, commercial, industrial, etc.—and ensuring that the development of properties aligns with the comprehensive plan of a community. The key aspect of zoning is its regulatory nature; zoning ordinances are legally enforceable rules established by local governments to achieve specific community goals, such as enhancing public safety, minimizing conflicts between land uses, and promoting orderly development. The other options do not accurately reflect the essence of zoning power. Zoning is not discretionary or voluntary; it constitutes a legal framework that local government bodies must follow and enforce. Additionally, zoning is applicable across various types of development and is not limited to promoting agricultural development specifically. The proper functioning of zoning authority is critical to managing growth and maintaining the quality of life in communities.