American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Which approach aims to balance development and historic preservation?

1. Extreme zoning

2. Smart growth

3. Urban sprawl

4. Market-led development

The correct answer is: Smart growth

Smart growth is an approach that aims to balance development and historic preservation by promoting environmentally responsible, sustainable, and efficient land use practices. This approach encourages compact, mixed-use development that is designed to utilize existing infrastructure, reduce reliance on automobiles, and preserve open spaces and cultural heritage. The principles of smart growth include the integration of new development with the existing community, consideration for the historical context of an area, and fostering a sense of place. By focusing on maintaining the character of neighborhoods while accommodating growth, smart growth seeks to protect historic sites and structures, ensuring that they remain part of the community’s identity. In contrast, extreme zoning typically involves rigid land-use regulations that may not facilitate the integration of new development with existing historic resources. Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas, often leading to the degradation of both natural and historic landscapes. Market-led development tends to prioritize profit-driven projects, which may overlook the importance of preserving historical sites in favor of maximizing short-term gains.