American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Which act is known for requiring states to have a State Historic Preservation Officer?

1. National Historic Preservation Act

2. Cultural Heritage Management Act

3. Historic Preservation Grants Act

4. Historic Landmarks Act

The correct answer is: National Historic Preservation Act

The National Historic Preservation Act is fundamental to the preservation of historical and archaeological sites in the United States. Enacted in 1966, this legislation established a framework for the protection of the nation's cultural heritage and mandated the establishment of State Historic Preservation Officers (SHPOs) in each state. These officers are crucial for administering state preservation programs, evaluating nominations to the National Register of Historic Places, and facilitating the integration of historic preservation considerations into planning and development processes. The requirement of having a SHPO ensures that each state has a designated authority to guide preservation efforts and to coordinate federal, state, and local preservation activities. This act has played a significant role in raising awareness of the importance of preserving historical resources, promoting community involvement, and ensuring that preservation is factored into governmental decisions regarding land use, funding, and development projects. In contrast, the other acts listed either do not exist in the same capacity or do not specifically mandate the formation of a SHPO, thereby reinforcing the unique and critical role of the National Historic Preservation Act in fostering state-level historic preservation initiatives.