American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

What was the significance of the New York State Tenement House Law enacted in 1901?

1. It reduced the number of tenements.

2. It outlawed the "Dumbbell Tenement" style.

3. It established zoning regulations in New York City.

4. It initiated federal funding for housing.

The correct answer is: It outlawed the "Dumbbell Tenement" style.

The New York State Tenement House Law enacted in 1901 was significant primarily because it aimed to address the severe living conditions in urban tenements, particularly the "Dumbbell Tenement" style that became notorious for its overcrowding and poor ventilation. This law specifically outlawed the Dumbbell design, which featured narrow air shafts that did little to allow sunlight and fresh air into the apartments, exacerbating health and sanitary issues for the residents. The law introduced a series of regulations to improve safety and living conditions, including requirements for adequate light and air, sanitation standards, and fire safety measures. By targeting the design aspects of tenements, the law represented a progressive step towards protecting public health and ensuring better living conditions for the urban poor. In contrast, while the law did not directly reduce the number of tenements, it sought to improve their conditions. It was also not the initiative that established zoning regulations in New York City or one that initiated federal funding for housing. The focus was primarily on reforming existing structures to enhance the quality of urban life.