American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

What was a major theme in Jacob Riis's work that contributed to housing reforms?

1. The importance of suburban living

2. Depicting the struggles of slum life

3. Encouraging industrial expansion

4. Advocating for public transportation

The correct answer is: Depicting the struggles of slum life

Jacob Riis is renowned for his significant contributions to highlighting the harsh realities of life in urban slums during the late 19th century. His work, especially his book "How the Other Half Lives," presented a vivid portrayal of the struggles faced by impoverished communities living in overcrowded and unsanitary conditions. By documenting their lives through powerful photography and narrative, Riis sought to awaken the consciousness of the public and policymakers regarding the dire circumstances that many urban residents endured. This theme of depicting the struggles of slum life is crucial, as it effectively galvanized public opinion and played a pivotal role in advocating for housing reforms. Riis's efforts helped to illuminate the need for better living conditions, sanitation, and housing policies, ultimately contributing to reforms aimed at improving the urban environment for the disadvantaged. In contrast, the other themes suggested—suburban living, encouraging industrial expansion, and advocating for public transportation—did not align with Riis's primary focus on the conditions of the urban poor. His activism was specifically rooted in social reform, aiming to address the immediate needs and injustices faced by those residing in tenement houses and poor neighborhoods.