American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

What planning principle relates to the design of pedestrian-friendly neighborhoods?

1. Smart growth

2. New Urbanism

3. Sustainable development

4. Traditional neighborhood design

The correct answer is: New Urbanism

The principle of New Urbanism is fundamentally focused on creating walkable, pedestrian-friendly environments that foster community interaction and accessibility. This approach emphasizes mixed-use development, where a variety of housing types, commercial spaces, and public amenities are within close proximity. By prioritizing pedestrian pathways, public spaces, and higher-density development, New Urbanism encourages a lifestyle that reduces reliance on automobiles and promotes healthier, more vibrant neighborhoods. This principle contrasts with other options, such as Smart Growth, which encompasses broader policies aimed at managing urban sprawl and promoting efficient land use, but may not emphasize pedestrian-oriented design as strongly. Similarly, while Sustainable Development addresses environmental stewardship and the efficient use of resources, it does not specifically focus on the compact, walkable community aspect central to pedestrian-friendly design. Traditional Neighborhood Design shares some characteristics with New Urbanism, particularly in promoting mixed uses and community-oriented layouts, but New Urbanism incorporates a more contemporary set of design principles and planning strategies explicitly aimed at enhancing walkability and community engagement.