American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

What is the primary function of an aquifer?

1. To filter pollutants.

2. To store groundwater for use.

3. To manage surface water runoff.

4. To provide habitat for wildlife.

The correct answer is: To store groundwater for use.

The primary function of an aquifer is to store groundwater for use. Aquifers are geological formations that can hold and transmit water underground. They are crucial components of the hydrological cycle, acting as reservoirs for storing vast amounts of water that can be accessed for various uses, including drinking water, irrigation, and industrial processes. The storage capability of aquifers allows them to provide a reliable source of water, particularly in areas where surface water may be scarce. This stored groundwater can be extracted through wells, making it an essential resource for communities, especially in arid regions. While aquifers can play a role in filtering pollutants, managing surface water runoff, and providing habitat for wildlife, these functions are secondary to their primary role as storage systems for groundwater. The ability to hold and supply water is what fundamentally defines an aquifer and underscores its importance in water resource management.