American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

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What is the mode in a statistical dataset?

  1. The average of all values

  2. The most frequently occurring value

  3. The middle value in the sorted list

  4. The difference between the highest and lowest values

The correct answer is: The most frequently occurring value

The mode in a statistical dataset is defined as the most frequently occurring value within that dataset. It reflects the value that appears with the highest frequency, which helps indicate trends or patterns in the data. For instance, in a set of survey responses regarding favorite fruits, if apples are chosen by fifteen out of thirty respondents, while other fruits receive fewer selections, apples would be identified as the mode, highlighting its popularity. This concept differs from the other statistical measures mentioned. The average, or mean, is a calculation involving the sum of all values divided by the total number of values, while the median is the middle value when the dataset is arranged in ascending or descending order. The range, on the other hand, describes the gap between the highest and lowest values. Each of these measures serves distinct purposes in data analysis, but the mode specifically highlights frequency, making it particularly useful for categorical data analysis or understanding dominant trends.