American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

What does the term 'smart growth' refer to in urban planning?

1. Rapid expansion of urban areas

2. Development strategies that respect environmental limits

3. A focus on car-centric development

4. Increased housing costs

The correct answer is: Development strategies that respect environmental limits

The term 'smart growth' in urban planning refers to development strategies that respect environmental limits. This approach emphasizes sustainable land use planning and community development that prioritizes the well-being of both the environment and the residents. Smart growth encourages higher-density development, mixed-use neighborhoods, and the preservation of open space, all of which promote a more efficient use of resources and minimize the negative impacts on the environment. By integrating aspects like public transportation, walkability, and green spaces into urban designs, smart growth aims to create more livable, desirable communities while reducing urban sprawl and its associated environmental consequences. This methodology recognizes the interconnectedness of the built environment and ecological systems and attempts to balance growth with ecological sustainability, leading to healthier urban areas. The other options provided do not align with the principles of smart growth. Rapid expansion of urban areas typically leads to urban sprawl, which contradicts the goals of sustainability. A focus on car-centric development neglects alternative transportation methods and pedestrian-friendly designs that are central to smart growth principles. Lastly, increased housing costs usually result from unplanned growth patterns and can create disparities in community access, which smart growth seeks to mitigate through equitable and inclusive development practices.