American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

What does a zoning variance allow a property owner to do?

1. Modify zoning laws entirely

2. Operate a business without required permits

3. Deviate from specific zoning requirements

4. Construct buildings higher than zoning allows

The correct answer is: Deviate from specific zoning requirements

A zoning variance is a mechanism that allows a property owner to deviate from specific zoning requirements established in local zoning ordinances. It is typically granted when a property owner demonstrates that strict compliance with the zoning rules would cause undue hardship or practical difficulties while upholding the intent of the zoning law. By obtaining a variance, a property owner can, for example, build an addition that exceeds the established setback requirements or utilize a property in a way that is not typically allowed under current zoning regulations, provided they meet the criteria set forth by the zoning board. The other options do not accurately describe the nature of a zoning variance. Modifying zoning laws entirely is a more complex action that would require legal processes, including legislative changes or amendments to the zoning ordinance itself. Operating a business without required permits does not apply to zoning variances, as these permits are necessary for legal business operations. Lastly, while a variance may allow certain deviations, including possibly constructing buildings higher than typical allowances, it is not strictly limited to height but rather pertains specifically to varying specific zoning requirements as determined by local protocols.