American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Permeable deposits directly overlying a sand and gravel aquifer could be considered?

1. A watershed

2. A confined aquifer

3. A tertiary recharge area

4. A primary recharge area

The correct answer is: A primary recharge area

Permeable deposits that directly overlie a sand and gravel aquifer are considered a primary recharge area because they allow water to infiltrate from the surface down into the aquifer. In a primary recharge area, water from precipitation, surface water, or nearby bodies of water can seep through these permeable materials and replenish the aquifer below. This process is crucial for maintaining the water levels and the overall health of the aquifer system. The function of primary recharge areas is critical for sustainable water resource management, especially in areas that depend on groundwater. Understanding the characteristics of these areas helps in land-use planning and environmental protection, as they play a significant role in groundwater supply. In contrast, a confined aquifer is bounded by layers of impermeable rock or sediment, preventing direct recharge from the surface. A watershed refers to a land area that drains into a specific water body, which is broader than just the recharge area for an aquifer. Tertiary recharge areas typically refer to those that receive water after it has undergone some treatment or purification processes, which is not applicable to the context described.