American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

How is an orthophoto map defined in urban planning?

1. A rectified aerial photo for accurate distance measurement

2. A map showing historical land use patterns

3. A digital map created from satellite images

4. A layered GIS representation of an area

The correct answer is: A rectified aerial photo for accurate distance measurement

An orthophoto map is defined as a rectified aerial photo that has been geometrically corrected (or orthorectified) to ensure that the image has a uniform scale and can be used for accurate distance measurement. This process removes distortions caused by the camera angle and terrain relief, allowing planners and analysts to map features with the precision needed for urban planning and development. Accuracy in measurements and geographical representation is critical in urban planning, especially when it comes to understanding land use, evaluating site conditions, and making decisions on zoning and development. Orthophoto maps serve as a valuable resource because they combine the visual detail of aerial photography with the spatial accuracy required for effective planning. The other options, while relevant to urban planning in different contexts, do not accurately define an orthophoto map. Historical land use patterns relate to temporal analysis, satellite images pertain to remote sensing without the specific context of rectification, and layered GIS representations refer to more complex data structures rather than the specific nature of orthophotos.