American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

For what purpose are Geographic Information Systems primarily used in planning?

1. To compile financial reports

2. To create layered maps and conduct geographic analysis

3. To forecast economic growth

4. To manage public transportation routes

The correct answer is: To create layered maps and conduct geographic analysis

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are primarily utilized in planning to create layered maps and conduct geographic analysis. This powerful tool allows planners to visually represent various types of data in relation to specific geographical locations, enhancing understanding and decision-making processes. By layering different data sets—such as zoning, land use, population density, environmental features, and infrastructure—GIS provides planners with a comprehensive view of spatial relationships and patterns. This capability is crucial for analyzing how different elements interact within a certain area, aiding in land development, resource allocation, and urban planning decisions. The integration of GIS into planning processes empowers stakeholders to simulate potential changes, assess impacts of various scenarios, and communicate findings effectively with the public and decision-makers. This analytical depth is essential for creating sustainable and well-informed planning strategies. While the other options may involve planning elements, they are not the primary focus of GIS. For instance, compiling financial reports relates more to accounting and finance rather than spatial analysis, forecasting economic growth typically relies on market analysis and economic indicators rather than geographic data, and managing public transportation routes may utilize GIS but focuses on operational implementation rather than the broader analytical purpose for which GIS is designed.