American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP) Practice Exam

Krumholz's advocacy planning is notably referenced in Cleveland. Advocacy planning emerged as a response to the inadequacies of traditional planning that often prioritized the interests of elite stakeholders over marginalized communities. Krumholz, who became the city planner for Cleveland, implemented strategies to ensure that the voices of underrepresented populations were included in the planning process. This approach was significant in addressing social justice and equity in urban planning, particularly in the context of a city facing numerous economic and social challenges.

The emphasis of advocacy planning is to provide a voice for those who are usually overlooked, focusing on creating plans that genuinely reflect the needs and desires of the community rather than those of powerful interests. Krumholz's work in Cleveland is a cornerstone example of how planners can actively engage in social advocacy and the promotion of inclusive decision-making processes that empower local residents.